James T. Thomas estate (Miocene of the United States)

Where: Charles County, Maryland (38.5° N, 76.7° W: paleocoordinates 38.7° N, 73.9° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Calvert Beach Member (Calvert Formation), Serravallian (13.8 - 11.6 Ma)

• Cope refers to the beds as "Yorktown" but they are much more likely to be Calvert Formation since the Yorktown is not thought to crop out in Maryland, DN5. Zones 14-16A are regarded as Serravallian in age.

•

•Age and Member after Weems and Edwards (2007).

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore shelf; lithology not reported

• sparse molluscs, low in diversity; subtropical environment in embayment and dry onshore; area not far from shore, bay, short-term eustatic transgression events, long-term regression trend

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: original phosphate

Primary reference: E. D. Cope. 1867. An addition to the vertebrate fauna of the Miocene period, with a synopsis of the extinct Cetacea of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 19(4):138-157 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 55396: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 14.10.2005, edited by Austin Hendy

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Pliorhytis centenaria, Sphaerula subvexa, Cleistophaeridium placacanthum8
Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Acroporidae
"Madrepora palmata" = Acropora palmata
"Madrepora palmata" = Acropora palmata Lamarck 1816 stony coral
Thecostraca
 Balanomorpha - Balanidae
Balanus vulcanellus n. sp., "Balanus proteus" = Chesaconcavus proteus
Balanus vulcanellus n. sp. barnacle
"Balanus proteus" = Chesaconcavus proteus Conrad 1834 barnacle
Bivalvia
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
"Lucina contracta" = Lucinoma contracta, "Lucina americana" = Divalinga quadrisulcata, "Lucina foremani" = Stewartia foremani
"Lucina contracta" = Lucinoma contracta Say 1824 clam
"Lucina americana" = Divalinga quadrisulcata d'Orbigny 1846 clam
"Lucina foremani" = Stewartia foremani Conrad 1841 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
Corbula pectorosa n. sp., "Corbula idonea" = Bicorbula idonea
Corbula pectorosa n. sp. clam
"Corbula idonea" = Bicorbula idonea Conrad 1833 clam
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Dosinia acetabulum, Mercenaria staminea, Mercenaria cuneata n. sp., "Dione staminaea" = Hysteroconcha, "Dione marylandica" = Hysteroconcha
Dosinia acetabulum Conrad 1832 venus clam
Mercenaria cuneata n. sp. Conrad 1869 quahog
"Dione staminaea" = Hysteroconcha venus clam
"Dione marylandica" = Hysteroconcha venus clam
 Cardiida - Chamidae
Chama corticosa
Chama corticosa jewel box
 Cardiida - Glossidae
Isocardia markoii, "Isocardia fraterna" = Glossus fraterna
"Isocardia fraterna" = Glossus fraterna Say 1824 clam
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
"Metis biplicata" = Florimetis biplicata
"Metis biplicata" = Florimetis biplicata Conrad 1834 tellin clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
"Cardium laqueatum" = Chesacardium laqueatum
"Cardium laqueatum" = Chesacardium laqueatum Conrad 1830 cockle
 Carditida - Carditidae
Cyclocardia granulata, "Carditamera protracta" = Cardita protracta
Cyclocardia granulata Say 1824 clam
"Carditamera protracta" = Cardita protracta Conrad 1843 clam
 Carditida - Crassatellidae
"Crassatella marylandica" = Marvacrassatella marylandica, "Crassatella melina" = Marvacrassatella melina
"Crassatella marylandica" = Marvacrassatella marylandica Conrad 1832 clam
"Crassatella melina" = Marvacrassatella melina Conrad 1832 clam
 Carditida - Astartidae
Astarte exaltata, Astarte undata5, Astarte perplana, Astarte cuneiformis
Astarte undata5 Gould 1841 clam
Astarte perplana Conrad 1840 clam
Astarte cuneiformis Conrad 1840 clam
 Arcida - Noetiidae
Noetia carolinensis
 Arcida - Arcidae
Arca callipleura, Arca improcera
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
Glycymeris americana5, "Axinaea lentiformis" = Glycymeris
Glycymeris americana5 Defrance 1826 clam
"Axinaea lentiformis" = Glycymeris clam
 Ostreida - Malleidae
Isognomon tortum
 Ostreida - Pinnidae
Pinna sp.
Pinna sp. Linnaeus 1758 oyster
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostreidae indet.1, Ostrea trachydiscus n. sp.
Ostreidae indet.1 Rafinesque 1815 oyster
Ostrea trachydiscus n. sp. oyster
 Pectinida - Anomiidae
Anomia multilineata
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
"Pecten marylandicus" = Placopecten marylandica, "Pecten clintonius" = Placopecten clintonius, "Pecten virginianus" = Placopecten virginiana, "Pecten cerinus n. sp." = Eburneopecten cerinus, Pecten humphreysii, "Pecten jeffersonius" = Chesapecten jeffersonius, "Pecten madisonius" = Chesapecten madisonius
"Pecten marylandicus" = Placopecten marylandica Wagner 1839 scallop
"Pecten clintonius" = Placopecten clintonius Say 1824 scallop
"Pecten virginianus" = Placopecten virginiana Conrad 1840 scallop
"Pecten cerinus n. sp." = Eburneopecten cerinus Conrad 1869 scallop
Pecten humphreysii Conrad 1842 scallop
"Pecten jeffersonius" = Chesapecten jeffersonius Say 1824 scallop
"Pecten madisonius" = Chesapecten madisonius Say 1824 scallop
Gastropoda
 Lepetellida - Fissurellidae
"Fissurella redimicula" = Diodora redimicula
"Fissurella redimicula" = Diodora redimicula Say 1824 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
Lunatia catenoides
 Sorbeoconcha - Ranellidae
"Bursa centrosa n. sp." = Tritonium centrosum
"Bursa centrosa n. sp." = Tritonium centrosum Cope 1867 triton
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Ecphora quadricostata
Ecphora quadricostata Conrad 1830 murex snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
"Turritella alticostata" = Turritella (Turritella) alticostata, Turritella indenta
"Turritella alticostata" = Turritella (Turritella) alticostata Conrad 1834 turret shell
Turritella indenta Conrad 1841 turret shell
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
Scala pachypleura
Scala pachypleura Conrad 1841 wentletrap
Craniata
 Craniida - Craniidae
"Orbicula lububris" = Neocrania
"Orbicula lububris" = Neocrania
Chondrichthyes
 Lamniformes - Mitsukurinidae
"Lamna elegans" = Striatolamia macrota, "Lamna ? subulata" = Scapanorhynchus subulatus
"Lamna elegans" = Striatolamia macrota Agassiz 1838 goblin shark
"Lamna ? subulata" = Scapanorhynchus subulatus Agassiz 1843 goblin shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
"Carcharodon ? angustidens" = Otodus (Carcharocles) angustidens, "Otodus appendiculatus" = Cretalamna appendiculata, Otodus obliquus, "Carcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon
"Carcharodon ? angustidens" = Otodus (Carcharocles) angustidens Agassiz 1835 mackerel shark
"Otodus appendiculatus" = Cretalamna appendiculata Agassiz 1835 mackerel shark
Otodus obliquus Agassiz 1838 mackerel shark
"Carcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon Agassiz 1835 megalodon
 Lamniformes - Odontaspididae
"Lamna cuspidata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus, "Lamna denticulata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus
"Lamna cuspidata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark
"Lamna denticulata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark
 Lamniformes - Carchariidae
"Lamna hopei" = Carcharias hopei
"Lamna hopei" = Carcharias hopei Agassiz 1843 sand shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
"Galeocerdo contortus" = Physogaleus contortus, Galeocerdo appendiculatus, Galeocerdo sp., Galeocerdo latidens, Galeocerdo egertoni, Galeocerdo aduncus
"Galeocerdo contortus" = Physogaleus contortus Gibbes 1847 ground shark
Galeocerdo sp. Müller and Henle 1837 tiger shark
Galeocerdo latidens Agassiz 1835 tiger shark
Galeocerdo egertoni Agassiz 1843 tiger shark
Galeocerdo aduncus Agassiz 1835 tiger shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis serra
Hemipristis serra Agassiz 1835 ground shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae
Sphyrna sp., Sphyrna magna, "Galeocerdo laevissimus n. sp." = Sphyrna laevissima
Sphyrna sp. Rafinesque 1810 hammerhead shark
Sphyrna magna Cope 1868 hammerhead shark
"Galeocerdo laevissimus n. sp." = Sphyrna laevissima Cope 1867 hammerhead shark
 Heterodontiformes - Heterodontidae
"Sphyrna prisca" = Cestracion prisca
"Sphyrna prisca" = Cestracion prisca Agassiz 1843 bullhead shark
 Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae
Notidanus primigeneus, "Notidanus plectrodon n. sp." = Notorynchus cepedianus
"Notidanus plectrodon n. sp." = Notorynchus cepedianus Peron 1807 cow shark
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis gigas, Myliobatis pachyodon, Myliobatis vicomicanus, Aetobatis profundus n. sp., "Aetobatis arcuatus" = Aetobatus irregularis6, Aetobatus arcuatus
Myliobatis gigas Cope 1868 eagle ray
Myliobatis pachyodon Cope 1868 eagle ray
Myliobatis vicomicanus Cope 1868 eagle ray
Aetobatis profundus n. sp. Cope 1867 eagle ray
"Aetobatis arcuatus" = Aetobatus irregularis6 Agassiz 1843 eagle ray
Aetobatus arcuatus Agassiz 1843 eagle ray
[entered as Aetobatis arcuatus]
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
"Raja dux" = Trygon dux
"Raja dux" = Trygon dux Cope 1867 whiptail stingray
Actinopteri
 Scombriformes -
"Sphyraena speciosa" = Sphyraenodus speciosus
"Sphyraena speciosa" = Sphyraenodus speciosus Leidy 1856
Aves
 Procellariiformes - Procellariidae
Puffinus sp.9, Puffinus conradi n. sp.7
Puffinus sp.9 Brisson 1760 shearwater
Puffinus conradi n. sp.7 Marsh 1870 shearwater
Reptilia
 Crocodylia -
Thecachampsa sericodon n. sp., "Thecachampsa contusor n. sp." = Thecachampsa antiquus
Thecachampsa sericodon n. sp. Cope 1867 crocodilian
ANSP 9443-9445 - type
"Thecachampsa contusor n. sp." = Thecachampsa antiquus Leidy 1852 crocodilian
ANSP 9152 - type
 Testudines - Pantrionychidae
Trionyx cellulosus
Trionyx cellulosus Cope 1868 turtle
 Testudines - Cheloniidae
Chelone sp.
Chelone sp. Linnaeus 1758 sea turtle
Mammalia
 Cetacea -
"Megaptera expansa n. sp." = Eschrichtius expansus3, "Balaenoptera pusilla n. sp." = Eschrichtius pusillus4
"Megaptera expansa n. sp." = Eschrichtius expansus3 Cope 1868 whale
"Balaenoptera pusilla n. sp." = Eschrichtius pusillus4 Cope 1868 whale
 Cetacea - Cetotheriidae
"Delphinapterus tyrannus n. sp." = Cetotherium parvum3
"Delphinapterus tyrannus n. sp." = Cetotherium parvum3 Trouessart 1898 whale
 Cetacea - Balaenopteridae
? Balaenoptera cephalus8
? Balaenoptera cephalus8 Cope 1867 rorqual
 Cetacea -
Rhabdosteus latiradix n. gen. n. sp.2
Rhabdosteus latiradix n. gen. n. sp.2 Cope 1867 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Platanistidae
Zarhachis flagellator n. gen. n. sp.3
Zarhachis flagellator n. gen. n. sp.3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
 Cetacea -
Squalodon wymanii n. sp., "Delphinapterus lacertosus n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus3, "Delphinapterus hawkinsii n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus3, "Delphinapterus gabbii n. sp." = Tretosphys gabbii3, "Delphinapterus ruschenbergeri n. sp." = Tretosphys ruschenbergeri3, Ixacanthus coelospondylus n. gen. n. sp.3
Squalodon wymanii n. sp. Cope 1867 toothed whale
it is not clear which locality Squalodon wymanii is from. Only described as Miocene of Charles County, MD.
"Delphinapterus lacertosus n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
"Delphinapterus hawkinsii n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
"Delphinapterus gabbii n. sp." = Tretosphys gabbii3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
"Delphinapterus ruschenbergeri n. sp." = Tretosphys ruschenbergeri3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
Ixacanthus coelospondylus n. gen. n. sp.3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Physeteridae
Orycterocetus crocodilinus
Orycterocetus crocodilinus Cope 1867 sperm whale
 Cetacea -
Priscodelphinus stenus n. sp.3, Priscodelphinus atropius n. sp.3, Priscodelphinus acutidens n. sp., Priscodelphinus spinosus n. sp.3, Cetophis heteroclitus n. gen. n. sp.3, "Squalodon mento n. sp." = Delphinodon mento2
Priscodelphinus stenus n. sp.3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
Priscodelphinus atropius n. sp.3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
Priscodelphinus acutidens n. sp. Cope 1867 toothed whale
Priscodelphinus spinosus n. sp.3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
Cetophis heteroclitus n. gen. n. sp.3 Cope 1868 toothed whale
"Squalodon mento n. sp." = Delphinodon mento2 Cope 1867 toothed whale
It is not clear which locality Squalodon mento is actually from.
 Life -
Cyclopsiella lusatica8
 Dinoflagellata -
Pentadinium cf. latincinctum8
Pentadinium cf. latincinctum8
subspecies granulatum
Dinophyceae
  -
Spiniferites sp.8, Spiniferites mirabilis8
Spiniferites sp.8 Mantell 1850
Spiniferites mirabilis8 Sarjeant 1970
 Peridiniales - Deflandreaceae
Palaeocystodinium golzowense8
 Peridiniales -
Tuberculodinium vancampoae8, Tectatodinium pellitum8
 Peridiniales - Protoperidiniaceae
Sumatradinium druggii8
 Gonyaulacales -
Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata8, Labyrinthodinium truncatum8
Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata8 Bujak and Matsuoka 1986
 Gonyaulacales - Gonyaulacaceae
Habibacysta tectata8, Lingulodinium macherophorum8, Operculodinium piaseckii8, Operculodinium centrocarpum8
 Gonyaulacales -
Batiacasphaera sphaerica8
  -
Hystrichosphaeropsis obscura8
Crassatella undulata
  -
"Crassatella undulata" = Kalolophus antillarum
"Crassatella undulata" = Kalolophus antillarum Reeve 1842
1Bouchet et al. 2005; 2Cope 1867; 3Cope 1868; 4Cope 1868; 5Hendy et al. 2008; 6Leriche 1942; 7Marsh 1870; 8Weems and Edwards 2007; 9Wetmore 1926